It is classified as a bisphenol, and a close molecular analog of Bisphenol A (BPA). read more. 2011 Nov 15;257(1):122-36. i) Doerge DR, Vanlandingham M, Twaddle NC, Delclos KB. [103], BPA is an environmental contaminant of emerging concern. Neurotoxicol Teratol. [9][10] The remaining 5% is used as a major component of several high-performance plastics, and as a minor additive in PVC, polyurethane, thermal paper, and several other materials. The manufacturing of epoxy resins and vinyl ester resins account for 25-30% of BPA use. [23][24], Bisphenol A was first reported in 1891 by the Russian chemist Aleksandr Dianin. Structural formula Name CAS Reactants; Bisphenol AF: 1478-61-1: Phenol: Hexafluoroacetone: Bisphenol F: 620-92-8: Phenol: [74] These interactions are all very weak, but exposure to BPA is effectively lifelong, leading to concern over possible cumulative effects. Industrially, a large excess of phenol is used to ensure full condensation; the product mixture of the cumene process (acetone and phenol) may also be used as starting material. While there have been many hundreds of studies on BPA, none has shown a direct cause-and-effect relationship between BPA and any human health effects. Order: 200 kg Qingdao Cemo Technology Develop Co., Ltd. Government regulators have the responsibility of reviewing all studies and considering issues like study design and quality and whether the result of any particular study was repeated in other studies. It can also be used in the formation of solid polymeric electrolyte for potential application in electrochemical devices. Low oral doses of bisphenol A increase volume of the sexually dimorphic nucleus of the preoptic area in male, but not female, rats at postnatal day 21. Toxicol Sci. For example, FDA has participated with Health Canada in encouraging industry efforts to refine their manufacturing methods for the production of infant formula can linings to minimize migration of BPA into the formula. [2] Also in 2008, the National Toxicology Program Center for the Evaluation of Risks to Human Reproduction, part of the National Institutes of Health, released the Monograph on the Potential Human Reproductive and Developmental Effects of Bisphenol A.[3]. [42] This process converts the individual molecules of BPA into large polymer chains, effectively trapping them. Epoxy resin, on the other hand, has been of substantial significance to engineering for many decades. Commercial production of BPA requires distillation either extraction of BPA from many resinous byproducts under high vacuum or solvent-based extraction using additional phenol followed by distillation. [98] Despite its short half-life and non-bioaccumulating character, the continuous release of BPA into the environment causes continuous exposure to both plant[104] and animal life. These materials are much more common but their BPA content will be low. Based on the effects of metabolism, internal exposures to the active form of BPA following oral administration are predicted to be below 1% or less of the total BPA level administered. Bisphenol A (BPA) is a chemical used to make polycarbonate plastic. [90] Different expression of ERR- in different parts of the body may account for variations in bisphenolA effects. Polycarbonate is strong and durable, but over time it may break down from over use at high temperatures. TM 332 epoxy resin (Dow Chemical, Midland, TX, USA) with the epoxy group content of 24.6%-25.1% and epoxy equivalent of 171-175 which is referenced as DGEBA and with ERISYS Resorcinol . The results of the CLARITY Study, a 5+ year, multipronged U.S. federal government research program and the largest study ever done on BPA, confirm BPAs safety. BPA seems to bind strongly to ERR- (dissociation constant = 5.5 nM), but only weakly to the ER. Polycarbonate drinks containers are also a source of exposure, although most disposable drinks bottles are actually made of PET, which contains no BPA. Polycarbonate plastic provides the benefit of long-lasting transparency and durability in new, design-inspired LED lighting in vehicles. FDA can make regulatory changes based on new safety or usage information. As a result, many exploratory scientific studies have appeared in the public literature. NIEHS provides many opportunities for funding to individual researchers, organizations, and businesses. When government scientists review studies to make a safety conclusion, they look at the weight of the evidence, meaning the information available from all sources, and how well each study was conducted. Visit ChemicalBook To find more Bisphenol A epoxy resin() information like chemical properties,Structure,melting point,boiling point,density,molecular formula,molecular weight, physical properties,toxicity information,customs codes. They are produced by the addition of - unsaturated carboxylic acids to epoxy resins. Scientific studies show that in humans BPA is quickly metabolized and eliminated from the body. Global production in 2022 is expected to reach 10 million tonnes. What chemicals are in epoxy resin when you consider this? #12-03 Keck Seng Tower, What is the formula of phenol formaldehyde resin? [28], The synthesis of BPA still follows Dianin's general method, with the fundamentals changing little in 130 years. Bisphenol A (BPA), a colourless crystalline solid belonging to the family of organic compounds; its molecular formula is C 15 H 16 O 2.BPA is best known for its use in the manufacture of polycarbonate plastics and epoxy resins, particularly those found in water bottles, baby bottles, and other beverage and food containers. Theres a potential for harm or injury in nearly every activity we engage in whether its when we cross a street, ride in an automobile, or play in a baseball game. Durable and decorative floorings, such as terrazzo flooring, chip flooring and colored aggregate flooring, are made from epoxy resins. 250/ Ton Get Latest Price. Comparison of life-stage-dependent internal dosimetry for bisphenol a, ethinyl estradiol, a reference estrogen, and endogenous estradiol to test an estrogenic mode of action in Sprague Dawley rats. Dianin in 1891. FDA has amended its regulations to no longer provide for the use of BPA-based epoxy resins as coatings in packaging for infant formula. 133 Cecil Street, 2010 Oct 30;24(20):3011-20. n) Yang X, Doerge DR, Fisher JW. [36] It may be purified by recrystallisation from acetic acid with water. fatty acid dimers, +undefined-86-13650506873 +undefined-86-13650506873. Formula: CAS CAS: Chemical Abstract Service Registry Number . While they have high mechanical strength values similar to epoxy resins, they are easy to apply similar to unsaturated polyester resins. Comparison of life-stage-dependent internal dosimetry for bisphenol a, ethinyl estradiol, a reference estrogen, and endogenous estradiol to test an estrogenic mode of action in Sprague Dawley rats. About 2530% of all BPA is used in the manufacture of epoxy resins and vinyl ester resins. Usage: Industrial. Some, but not all, plastics that are marked with recycle codes 3 or 7 may be made with BPA. Bisphenol A was investigated in the 1930s during the search for synthetic estrogens. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol. NIEHS has a goal to ensure job opportunities and career enhancements programs for both our work force and our community. Brand Names: Not applicable . Furthermore, composite . Free of claims are used to indicate that a product does not contain a certain material, such as BPA, but they can sometimes be misleading. from modified natural oils and Bisphenol A or Bisphenol A-based epoxy resins. Bisphenol-F can further link generating tri- and tetra-and higher phenol oligomers. Bisphenol A-type epoxy resin is bisphenol A and epichlorohydrin under the action of sodium hydroxide condensation derived. Bisphenol F (BPF) based epoxy resins are more flexible than that of BPA-based epoxies. . Scientific Peer-Review of the Draft Assessment of Bisphenol A for Use in Food Contact Applications, 31 October 2008. Due to its especially thick natural consistency, there will commonly be additives and diluents which are added into the Bisphenol-A epoxy formula to enhance workability and adhesion. As is the case when foods are in direct contact with any packaging material, small, measurable amounts of the packaging materials may migrate into food and can be consumed with it. Polycarbonate plastic made with BPA is shatter-resistant, lightweight, and has high optical clarity similar to glass. 80-05-7 Bisphenol a with Wholesale Price Min. On the regulatory front, FDAs regulations authorize FDA to amend its food additive regulations to reflect when certain uses of an additive have been abandoned. Learn how outdoors and chemistry work together. Physical State: Powder. Some animal studies suggest that infants and children may be the most vulnerable to the effects of BPA. [1]U.S. Food and Drug Administration, Draft Assessment of Bisphenol A for Use in Food Contact Applications, 14 August 2008. Among the non-food sources, exposures routes include through dust,[10] thermal paper,[20] clothing,[19] dental materials,[69] and medical devices. Epoxy groups located at both ends of the molecule can undergo reactions of ring-opening, cross-linking and solidity with amines, anhydrides, and other curing agents of epoxy resins. Some of this is further reacted with methacrylic acid to form bis-GMA, which is used to make vinyl ester resins. [7], BPA has been found to interact with a diverse range of hormone receptors, in both humans and animals. It may also be used as an ingredient in some resins, which can act as a lining on the inside of some metal food and drink cans. This orphan receptor (endogenous ligand unknown) behaves as a constitutive activator of transcription. Bisphenol A diglycidyl ether (DGEBA) can be called a small-molecule adhesive. [74] It binds to both of the nuclear estrogen receptors (ERs), ER and ER. The safety of a food additive is not relevant to FDAs determination regarding whether a certain use of that food additive has been abandoned. [1] This draft assessment was reviewed by a Subcommittee of FDAs Science Board, which released its report at the end of October 2008. Epoxy is a synthetic resin that uses two chemical components (typically diglycidyl ethers and a combination of bisphenol A and epichlorohydrin) to harden or cure. Background. Therefore, they are effective adhesion for most substrates such as glass, ceramics, silicon wafers, and polymer materials. Published September 2022. The results, released in 2018 by the U.S. National Toxicology Program, were accompanied by a statement from Dr. Stephen Ostroff, Deputy Commissioner for Foods and Veterinary Medicine at the U. S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA), saying: our initial review supports our determination that currently authorized uses of BPA continue to be safe for consumers.. Bisphenol A (BPA) is a chemical produced in large quantities for use primarily in the production of polycarbonate plastics. Copyright 2022 ChemicalBook. CAS number(s): 55818-57- . Polycarbonate plastic also is used to make housings for electronic products such as cell phones and laptops, as well as optical discs such as CDs and DVDs. Pharmacokinetics of bisphenol A in serum and adipose tissue following intravenous administration to adult female CD-1 mice. Cured epoxy resins are inert materials used as protective liners in metal cans to maintain the quality of canned foods and beverages, and have achieved wide acceptance for use as protective coatings because of their exceptional combination of toughness, adhesion, formability, and chemical resistance. The studies reviewed were published or available from November 1, 2009 to July 23, 2013. Epub 2014 Feb 4. c) Doerge DR, Twaddle NC, Vanlandingham M, Fisher JW. 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